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Native American History ‑ Stories

Native American history spans an array of diverse groups and leaders, including Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse and Tecumseh, and events like the Trail of Tears, the French and Indian War and the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

Five Native American chiefs, dressed in western clothes, sitting in a semi-circle holding belts made of wampum beads

What Is Wampum—and How Was It Used?

For thousands of years, Indigenous people of America’s northeast region have crafted small, cylindrical beads called wampum from purple and white whelk and clam shells. Often woven into beautifully patterned belts, strings, necklaces or other adornments, using plant fiber or animal sinew, wampum served a multitude of purposes. It could serve as a visual memory […]

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The Cherokee Leader Who Tried to Prevent the Trail of Tears

Chief John Ross devoted much of his life to fighting against the forced removal of his people from their ancestral lands.

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Native American Leaders: A Timeline

Since the arrival of European settlers, leadership for America’s Indigenous peoples has disproportionately involved fighting to exist.

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President Richard Nixon sitting at a big table signing a document while two Native American people stand to the side, looking on.

Native Americans Had a Surprising Ally: Richard Nixon

After centuries of devastating government policies, American Indians had someone in the White House willing to return tribal land, listen to grievances—and support their autonomy.

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Workers strike oil in Osage territory. (Credit: David Grann)

How Marriage and Murder Were Used to Steal Osage Oil Riches

When wealthy Native people died during the Osage Reign of Terror, it was often their white spouses and court‑appointed guardians who stood to profit most.

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William Hale’s Brutal Role in the Osage Murders

The self‑styled ‘King of the Osage Hills’ masterminded a heinous spate of killings targeting oil‑rich Indians.

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Government official in suit sitting at a desk signing a document, as a group of men in Indian clothing and headdresses stand behind him.

What Was FDR’s ‘Indian New Deal’?

An economic relief program aimed specifically at helping Native American communities during the Great Depression, the legislation marked a sharp U‑turn in federal policy toward Indigenous peoples.

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The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone by Thomas Moran.

How Yellowstone Became America’s First National Park

Yellowstone’s stunning natural beauty inspired the 19th‑century push to set aside the land, where Indigenous people had been present for millennia.

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October 1813: Death of Shawnee Chief Tecumseh, at the Battle of Thames in the War of 1812.

Why the War of 1812 Was a Turning Point for Native Americans

The conflict was their last, best chance for outside military help to protect their homelands from westward expansion.

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Four Alaska Territorial Guardsmen being sworn in for an assignment in Barrow, Alaska.

How Native Americans Protected Alaska During WWII

After the Japanese invaded the Aleutian Islands, Indigenous volunteers helped form the Alaska Territorial Guard.

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Sequoyah, shown here in 1825, developed a Cherokee syllabary in 12 years.

How a Cherokee Leader Ensured His People’s Language Survived

Sequoyah spent 12 years working on a writing system for his nation’s language.

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Native Americans dance during the grand entry of the 30th annual Morongo Thunder & Lightning Pow Wow at the Morongo Band of Mission Indians reservation in Cabazon on Saturday, September 25, 2021.

9 Facts About Native American Tribes

There are more than nine million Native Americans living in the United States, representing hundreds of tribal nations with diverse languages, cultures and traditions.

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